Italy’s five referendums on jobs, workers’ rights, and citizenship failed to meet the quorum (50% + 1 of eligible voters), with national turnout stopping at just 30%. Despite this, the vote revealed strong support for four labor-related questions, with “Yes” votes reaching approximately 80%. The fifth question, on granting citizenship to foreign-born children, received around 60% approval.
Tuscany recorded the highest voter turnout in the country at 39.2%, followed by Emilia-Romagna (38%) and Liguria and Piedmont (both around 34.5%). No region reached the 50% threshold required for the results to be valid nationwide.
Within Tuscany, the highest turnout was in the Florence metropolitan area, with 46%. At the other end, Grosseto province reported the lowest figure, with just 31% participation. Only a handful of small municipalities crossed the quorum threshold, including Sesto Fiorentino (53%), Radicondoli (53%), Monterotondo Marittimo (52%), and Pontassieve (51%).
The outcome confirms concerns raised ahead of the vote about the legal complexity of the questions and the risk of low public engagement.